Vaginal inflammation and infection; a common disorder in women’s health
The vaginal area is one of the most sensitive parts of the female body, which is highly susceptible to infection due to its special structure and constant moisture. When the natural balance of beneficial microorganisms in this area is disrupted, conditions are created for the growth of pathogens. This may be accompanied by symptoms such as burning, itching, or discharge with an abnormal color and odor. If these symptoms persist for more than a few days, it will be necessary to see a gynecologist.
What exactly is a vaginal infection?
Vaginitis or vaginal inflammation is an inflammatory disease of the female genital tract caused by the abnormal growth of fungi, bacteria, or other pathogens. Normal vaginal discharge is usually odorless and clear, but in the event of an infection, these discharges may change color, have an unpleasant odor, or increase in amount. In some cases, pain during urination or intercourse also appears as a symptom.
The most common types of vaginal infections:
There are different types of vaginal infections, and the treatment for each varies depending on the cause. Here are three common types of this condition:
1. Vaginal yeast infection
This type is usually caused by a type of fungus called Candida albicans. Factors such as excessive use of antibiotics, high blood sugar, pregnancy, or a weak immune system can lead to excessive growth of this fungus in the vagina. White, thick, cottage cheese-like discharge, along with itching and inflammation, are the main symptoms of this type of infection.
2. Bacterial infection
In this case, the normal bacteria in the vagina grow excessively. This type of infection may be painless and burning and is characterized only by white or gray discharge with a fishy odor. Sometimes the unpleasant odor intensifies after sex. If left untreated, it can lead to more serious problems such as pelvic infections or miscarriage.
3. Trichomoniasis
This sexually transmitted infection is caused by a protozoan parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. Foamy, yellow or green discharge, severe burning, and pain in the abdominal area are some of its obvious symptoms. Men can also be carriers of this disease, even if they do not have symptoms.
Symptoms that should not be ignored:
Although some women may not have any symptoms at the time of infection, the following are some of the most common symptoms:
- Itching or burning in the vaginal area
- Unusual discharge in color, odor, or amount
- Pain during urination or sex
- Spotting or light bleeding
- Change in the smell of vaginal discharge
When should you see a doctor?
Vaginal infections usually resolve with simple treatments, but if you are experiencing any of the following conditions, it is best to see a specialist:
- First time experiencing symptoms of infection
- Return of symptoms after previous treatment
- Pregnancy and concurrent symptoms
- Fever or severe pelvic pain
- Having a new or multiple sexual partners
- Predisposing factors for vaginal infections
Several factors can disrupt the natural balance of the vagina. For example:
- Taking antibiotics for a long time
- High stress and reduced immunity
- Not following personal hygiene
- Washing the vagina with strong or scented soaps
- Using vaginal sprays or douches
- Having unprotected sex
- Having diseases such as diabetes
On the other hand, a decrease in estrogen levels, especially after menopause or during breastfeeding, can cause vaginal dryness and atrophy and prepare the ground for inflammation.
Conclusion
Vaginal infection is a relatively common but treatable disorder in women. Recognizing the warning signs and knowing the factors that contribute to the occurrence of this problem plays an important role in its prevention and timely treatment. If the symptoms persist for several days or are accompanied by pain, strong odor, and abnormal discharge, it should not be ignored. Visiting a doctor, avoiding self-treatment, and observing daily hygiene are the best strategies for managing this problem.
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